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NINA (accelerator)
NINA was a particle accelerator located at Daresbury Laboratory, UK that was used for particle physics and synchrotron radiation.
==Introduction==
Given government UK approval in 1962,〔NINA-the 4 GeV Electron Synchrotron of the Science Research Council, A.W.Merrison, Contemp. Phys. 1967, Vol. 8, No. 4, 373-384. 〕 NINA was a 70.19m,〔 4 GeV electron Synchrotron built in 1964 at the Daresbury Laboratory site in Cheshire, England to study particle physics.〔Daresbury Laboratory, W Gelletly 1992 Meas. Sci. Technol. 3 239 〕 This was the first facility at this site and gave birth to the second national laboratory (after Rutherford Appleton Laboratory).〔
Along with other particle physics accelerators, scientists had been using the Synchrotron radiation produced by NINA for its unique properties. By 1975 over 50 scientists with affiliations to more than 16 institutions were at work on NINA exploiting this by product of the particle accelerator. This led to the conversion of the NINA ring into a dedicated source of synchrotron radiation at a cost of £3M at 1974 prices.〔New Scientist 12 June 1975. Vol. 66, No. 953 p599〕 The particle physics was to be exported to CERN, at the time a proposed 400 GeV machine.
Whilst the majority of NINA was reused onsite for the new SRS, some parts were repurposed at other facilities, including the 90 ton Choke which became a key part of the operation of the ISIS neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Lab.〔Replacement of the ISIS white circuit choke, Proceedings of EPAC08, Genoa, Italy. S West et al.〕
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